Ionic bonds

Definition

Ionic bonds are chemical bonds formed through the electrostatic attraction between positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions). They typically occur between metals and non-metals.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Ionic bonds are usually formed between elements with a large difference in electronegativity.
2. Compounds with ionic bonds often have high melting and boiling points.
3. Ionic compounds tend to dissolve in water, producing electrolytes which conduct electricity.
4. The formation of ionic bonds involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.
5. In solid form, ionic compounds arrange themselves into a crystalline lattice structure.

Review Questions

• What type of elements generally form ionic bonds?
• How do ionic compounds behave in water?
• What happens to the electrons during the formation of an ionic bond?

Related terms

Cation: A positively charged ion that has lost one or more electrons.

Anion: A negatively charged ion that has gained one or more electrons.

Electronegativity:

A measure of an atom's ability to attract and hold onto electrons.