Hyperplasia

Definition

Hyperplasia is the increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue, leading to its enlargement. It is often a response to chronic irritation, infection, or hormonal stimulation.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Hyperplasia can result from viral infections that stimulate cell proliferation.
2. It differs from hypertrophy, which is an increase in cell size rather than number.
3. Some viruses, such as Human Papillomavirus (HPV), cause hyperplasia by disrupting normal cell cycle regulation.
4. Hyperplasia can be seen in tissues like the skin or mucous membranes where viruses often infect.
5. While hyperplasia itself is not cancerous, it can increase the risk of developing cancer if the increased cell proliferation becomes uncontrolled.

Review Questions

• What is the main difference between hyperplasia and hypertrophy?
• How do certain viruses cause hyperplasia?
• Why might hyperplasia be considered a risk factor for cancer?

Related terms

Hypertrophy: Increase in cell size without an increase in cell number.

Neoplasia: Abnormal and uncontrolled cell growth that can lead to tumors.

Dysplasia: Abnormal development or growth of cells that may signal a precancerous condition.