Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Definition
Hyperplasia is the increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue, leading to its enlargement. It is often a response to chronic irritation, infection, or hormonal stimulation.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
Hyperplasia can result from viral infections that stimulate cell proliferation.
It differs from hypertrophy, which is an increase in cell size rather than number.
Some viruses, such as Human Papillomavirus (HPV), cause hyperplasia by disrupting normal cell cycle regulation.
Hyperplasia can be seen in tissues like the skin or mucous membranes where viruses often infect.
While hyperplasia itself is not cancerous, it can increase the risk of developing cancer if the increased cell proliferation becomes uncontrolled.
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Related terms
Hypertrophy: Increase in cell size without an increase in cell number.
Neoplasia: Abnormal and uncontrolled cell growth that can lead to tumors.
Dysplasia: Abnormal development or growth of cells that may signal a precancerous condition.