Heritability

Definition

Heritability is a measure used in genetics that quantifies how much of the variation in a trait can be attributed to genetic differences among individuals in a population. It is expressed as a proportion ranging from 0 to 1, where higher values indicate greater genetic influence on the trait.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Heritability does not apply to an individual but to variance within a population.
2. A heritability estimate of 0.7 means that 70% of the variation in the trait is due to genetic differences.
3. Environmental factors can significantly influence traits with low heritability.
4. Heritability can change if the environment or genetic variability changes.
5. It does not imply that traits are immutable; environmental interventions can still alter traits.

Review Questions

• What does a high heritability value indicate about a trait?
• Can heritability estimates change over time? If so, why?
• Why can't heritability be used to make conclusions about individuals?

Related terms

Genotype: The genetic constitution of an individual organism.

Phenotype: The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences.

Allele Frequency: The relative frequency of an allele at a particular locus in a population, expressed as a fraction or percentage.