Goiter

Definition

A goiter is an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland. It can result from various conditions, including iodine deficiency and hyperthyroidism.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Goiters are commonly caused by iodine deficiency, which impairs thyroid hormone production.
2. Hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism can both cause goiters, though through different mechanisms.
3. Symptoms of a goiter may include a visible swelling at the base of the neck, difficulty swallowing, and breathing issues.
4. Treatment options for goiters vary widely and may include iodine supplementation, thyroid hormone replacement therapy, or surgery in severe cases.
5. Diagnostic methods for detecting a goiter include physical examination, ultrasound imaging, and blood tests to measure thyroid function.

Review Questions

• What are the primary causes of a goiter?
• List at least three symptoms that might indicate the presence of a goiter.
• Which diagnostic methods are commonly used to detect a goiter?

Related terms

Iodine Deficiency: A lack of sufficient iodine in the diet that impairs thyroid hormone production leading to potential goiter formation

Hyperthyroidism:

A condition where the thyroid gland is overactive and produces excessive amounts of thyroid hormones

Thyroid Hormone Replacement Therapy: Treatment involving synthetic hormones to regulate or normalize thyroid function