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🔬general biology i review

Goiter

Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025

Definition

A goiter is an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland. It can result from various conditions, including iodine deficiency and hyperthyroidism.

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5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. Goiters are commonly caused by iodine deficiency, which impairs thyroid hormone production.
  2. Hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism can both cause goiters, though through different mechanisms.
  3. Symptoms of a goiter may include a visible swelling at the base of the neck, difficulty swallowing, and breathing issues.
  4. Treatment options for goiters vary widely and may include iodine supplementation, thyroid hormone replacement therapy, or surgery in severe cases.
  5. Diagnostic methods for detecting a goiter include physical examination, ultrasound imaging, and blood tests to measure thyroid function.

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