Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Definition
Genetic structure refers to the distribution of genetic variation within and between populations. It includes the frequencies of alleles, genotypes, and phenotypes influenced by evolutionary processes.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
Genetic structure is shaped by migration, mutation, genetic drift, and natural selection.
Gene flow between populations can reduce genetic differentiation.
The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium describes a population's genetic structure that remains constant in the absence of evolutionary forces.
Population bottlenecks and founder effects can significantly alter genetic structure by reducing genetic diversity.
F-statistics (e.g., F_ST) measure the degree of genetic differentiation among populations.
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Related terms
Gene Flow: The transfer of alleles or genes from one population to another.
Genetic Drift: Random changes in allele frequencies that occur in small populations.
Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium: A principle stating that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant in the absence of evolutionary influences.