Genetic diversity

Definition

Genetic diversity is the total number of genetic characteristics in the genetic makeup of a species. It is crucial for populations to adapt to changing environments and survive long-term challenges like diseases and climate change.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Genetic diversity within a population allows for greater resilience against environmental changes.
2. A lack of genetic diversity can increase the risk of extinction by making populations more susceptible to diseases.
3. Human activities such as habitat destruction, pollution, and overfishing significantly reduce genetic diversity in many species.
4. Conservation strategies often focus on maintaining or increasing genetic diversity to ensure species survival.
5. Genetic bottlenecks occur when a population's size is dramatically reduced, leading to a loss of genetic variation.

Review Questions

• Why is genetic diversity important for a population's survival?
• How do human activities impact genetic diversity?
• What is a genetic bottleneck and how does it affect a population?

Related terms

Biodiversity: The variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem.

Endangered Species: Species that are at risk of extinction due to low population numbers or environmental threats.

Conservation Genetics: A field of biology that studies the preservation and management of biodiversity through understanding genetics.