Estrogen

Definition

Estrogen is a primary female sex hormone responsible for the regulation of the reproductive system and secondary sexual characteristics. It plays a crucial role in the menstrual cycle and pregnancy.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Estrogen is produced mainly by the ovaries, but also by the adrenal glands and fat tissues.
2. It helps regulate the menstrual cycle by controlling the growth of the uterine lining.
3. During pregnancy, estrogen levels rise significantly to support fetal development.
4. Estrogen influences bone density, cardiovascular health, and skin elasticity.
5. There are three main types of estrogen in humans: estradiol, estrone, and estriol.

Review Questions

• Where is estrogen primarily produced in the human body?
• How does estrogen affect the menstrual cycle?
• What are some other physiological roles of estrogen besides reproductive functions?

Related terms

Progesterone:

A hormone that works with estrogen to regulate the menstrual cycle and maintain pregnancy.

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH): A hormone that stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles in females.

Luteinizing Hormone (LH): A hormone that triggers ovulation and stimulates the production of estrogens and progesterone by the ovaries.