Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Definition
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
Epilepsy can be classified into focal (partial) and generalized seizures based on where they originate in the brain.
The underlying causes of epilepsy include genetic factors, head trauma, infections, and developmental disorders.
Electroencephalography (EEG) is commonly used to diagnose epilepsy by detecting abnormal electrical activity in the brain.
Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) are the primary treatment for controlling seizures in epilepsy patients.
Status epilepticus is a medical emergency where a person experiences prolonged or repeated seizures without regaining consciousness.
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Related terms
Seizure: A sudden surge of electrical activity in the brain that affects how a person feels or acts.
Electroencephalography (EEG): A test that measures electrical activity in the brain using electrodes attached to the scalp.
Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs): Medications used to prevent and control seizures in individuals with epilepsy.