Endocrine

Definition

The endocrine system consists of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate various body functions. It plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and coordinating activities within the body, including digestion and metabolism.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Endocrine cells in the digestive system release hormones like gastrin, secretin, and cholecystokinin.
2. Hormones from the endocrine system help regulate processes such as enzyme secretion, nutrient absorption, and gut motility.
3. The pancreas functions as both an endocrine and exocrine gland, releasing insulin and glucagon to manage blood glucose levels.
4. The hypothalamus links the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland, affecting digestion indirectly.
5. Disruptions in endocrine function can lead to digestive disorders such as diabetes mellitus or hyperthyroidism.

Review Questions

• Which hormones are released by endocrine cells in the digestive system?
• How does the pancreas serve dual roles in both endocrine and exocrine capacities?
• What is the role of the hypothalamus in regulating digestion through the endocrine system?

Related terms

Hormone: Chemical substances secreted by glands that regulate bodily functions.

Pancreas:

A gland with both exocrine functions (digestive enzymes) and endocrine functions (hormones like insulin).

Homeostasis:

The balanced internal state that is maintained by physiological processes including those regulated by the endocrine system.