Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Definition
Effector cells are differentiated immune cells that actively respond to a pathogen. They include various types of T cells, B cells, and other immune cells involved in the adaptive immune response.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
Effector cells include cytotoxic T cells, helper T cells, and plasma B cells.
Cytotoxic T cells directly kill infected host cells.
Helper T cells activate other immune cells by releasing cytokines.
Plasma B cells produce antibodies specific to antigens.
Effector cell activation is a key step in the adaptive immune response.
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Related terms
Cytotoxic_T_Cell: A type of effector cell that kills virus-infected or cancerous host cells.
Helper_T_Cell: A type of effector cell that releases cytokines to activate other immune responses.
Plasma_B_Cell: A type of effector cell that produces antibodies specific to antigens.