Distal convoluted tubule (DCT)

Definition

The distal convoluted tubule (DCT) is a segment of the nephron in the kidney that follows the loop of Henle. It plays a key role in regulating potassium, sodium, calcium, and pH levels.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The DCT is involved in the selective reabsorption and secretion to maintain electrolyte balance.
2. It is influenced by hormones such as aldosterone and parathyroid hormone.
3. Sodium ions are actively reabsorbed in the DCT, often coupled with potassium or hydrogen ion secretion.
4. Calcium reabsorption in the DCT is regulated by parathyroid hormone (PTH).
5. The DCT contributes to acid-base balance by secreting hydrogen ions and ammonium.

Review Questions

Related terms

Nephron: The functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering blood and forming urine.

Loop of Henle: A section of the nephron that creates a concentration gradient in the medulla, crucial for water reabsorption.

Aldosterone:

A hormone that increases sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion in the kidneys.