Corticosteroids are steroid hormones produced by the adrenal cortex, involved in a wide range of physiological processes. They regulate metabolism, immune response, and stress.
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Corticosteroids are divided into glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids.
Glucocorticoids like cortisol help control blood sugar levels, immune responses, and metabolism.
Mineralocorticoids like aldosterone regulate sodium and potassium balance in the blood.
Corticosteroid release is regulated by the hypothalamus through ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone).
Excessive or deficient production of corticosteroids can lead to disorders such as Cushing's syndrome or Addison's disease.