Chromatophores

Definition

Chromatophores are specialized pigment-containing and light-reflecting cells found in various animals, including molluscs and annelids. They play a crucial role in coloration, camouflage, and communication.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Chromatophores can expand or contract to change the color of an organism's skin.
2. In molluscs like cephalopods, chromatophores work in conjunction with other cells such as iridophores and leucophores to create complex patterns.
3. These cells are controlled by the nervous system and can react rapidly to environmental changes.
4. Chromatophore activity is essential for behaviors such as predation, mating displays, and avoiding predators.
5. They contain different pigments like melanins (black/brown), carotenoids (yellow/red), and pteridines (various colors).

Review Questions

Related terms

Iridophores: Cells that reflect light using plates of crystalline structures, contributing to iridescent colors.

Leucophores: Cells that scatter light, producing a white appearance or enhancing other colors.

Cephalopods: A class of molluscs including octopus, squid, and cuttlefish known for their advanced use of chromatophores.