General Biology I

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Base

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General Biology I

Definition

A base is a substance that can accept hydrogen ions (protons) or release hydroxide ions (OH-) in solution. Bases have a pH greater than 7 and neutralize acids by forming water and salts.

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5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. Bases turn red litmus paper blue, indicating their basic nature.
  2. The strength of a base is determined by its ability to dissociate in water, with strong bases completely ionizing.
  3. Common examples of bases include sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and ammonia (NH3).
  4. Bases play a crucial role in maintaining the pH balance of biological systems, such as human blood which has a slightly basic pH around 7.4.
  5. Alkalosis is a condition caused by an excess of base in the body fluids.

Review Questions

  • What color does red litmus paper turn when exposed to a base?
  • Name two common examples of bases.
  • How do bases affect the pH levels in biological systems?
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