Axon terminals

Definition

Axon terminals are the distal endings of an axon where neurotransmitters are released. They play a crucial role in transmitting signals to other neurons or effector cells across synapses.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Axon terminals contain synaptic vesicles filled with neurotransmitters.
2. They form junctions known as synapses with dendrites or cell bodies of other neurons.
3. The release of neurotransmitters from axon terminals is triggered by an influx of calcium ions when an action potential reaches the terminal.
4. Each neuron can have multiple axon terminals, allowing it to communicate with numerous target cells simultaneously.
5. Axon terminals are essential for the propagation of electrical impulses between neurons, facilitating complex neural circuits.

Review Questions

• What is the primary function of axon terminals in neural communication?
• How do axon terminals contribute to the formation of synapses?
• What triggers the release of neurotransmitters from axon terminals?

Related terms

Synapse:

A junction between two neurons where information is transmitted from one neuron to another.

Neurotransmitter: Chemical messengers released by neurons that transmit signals across a synapse.

Dendrite:

Branch-like extensions of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons and conduct them towards the cell body.