Autosomes

Definition

Autosomes are chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes. They are present in pairs in both males and females and carry the bulk of an individual's genetic information.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Humans have 22 pairs of autosomes.
2. Autosomal genes follow Mendelian inheritance patterns.
3. Autosomal disorders affect males and females equally because these chromosomes are not involved in determining sex.
4. Mutations in autosomal chromosomes can lead to inherited conditions such as cystic fibrosis and sickle cell anemia.
5. The first 22 pairs of chromosomes in humans are numbered by size from largest (chromosome 1) to smallest (chromosome 22).

Review Questions

Related terms

Sex Chromosomes: Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual, specifically X and Y chromosomes.

Mendelian Inheritance: The pattern of inheritance that follows the laws formulated by Gregor Mendel, involving dominant and recessive traits.

Genotype: The genetic makeup of an individual organism, including both visible traits and non-visible genes.