ATP
Definition
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is the primary energy carrier in cells. It provides energy for various cellular processes by releasing a phosphate group through hydrolysis.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
- ATP consists of adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups.
- Hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and an inorganic phosphate releases approximately 7.3 kcal/mol of energy.
- ATP synthesis occurs primarily in the mitochondria during cellular respiration.
- Enzymes such as ATP synthase play a crucial role in the production of ATP.
- ATP is also involved in active transport, muscle contraction, and biochemical pathways.
Review Questions
- What are the main components that make up an ATP molecule?
- How much energy is released when ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP and an inorganic phosphate?
- Which enzyme is primarily responsible for synthesizing ATP during cellular respiration?
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Related terms
ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate): A molecule formed from the breakdown of ATP, consisting of adenine, ribose, and two phosphate groups.
Cellular Respiration: The process by which cells generate ATP through glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.
ATP Synthase: An enzyme located in the mitochondrial membrane that synthesizes ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate using a proton gradient.
