Antioxidant

Definition

Antioxidants are molecules that inhibit the oxidation of other molecules, thereby preventing cellular damage. They play a crucial role in protecting cells from oxidative stress and maintaining homeostasis.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Antioxidants neutralize free radicals, which can cause cell damage.
2. They are essential in protecting renal cells from oxidative damage during excretion processes.
3. Common antioxidants include vitamins C and E, as well as enzymes like superoxide dismutase.
4. Oxidative stress can exacerbate the toxicity of nitrogenous wastes such as ammonia and urea.
5. The balance between antioxidants and free radicals is vital for kidney function and overall osmotic regulation.

Review Questions

• How do antioxidants contribute to cellular protection?
• What role do antioxidants play in the excretory system?
• Name two common antioxidants and explain their importance.

Related terms

Free Radicals: Unstable molecules that can cause damage to cells by initiating oxidative reactions.

Oxidative Stress: An imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants leading to potential cellular damage.

Nitrogenous Wastes: Metabolic byproducts like ammonia, urea, and uric acid that need to be excreted from the body.