Adrenal medulla
Definition
The adrenal medulla is the inner part of the adrenal gland that produces adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline (norepinephrine). It plays a crucial role in the body's response to stress by initiating the 'fight or flight' response.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
- The adrenal medulla releases hormones directly into the bloodstream.
- It is stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system.
- Adrenaline increases heart rate, blood pressure, and energy supply.
- Noradrenaline works alongside adrenaline but primarily affects blood vessels.
- Chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla are responsible for hormone production.
Review Questions
- What hormones are produced by the adrenal medulla?
- How does the adrenal medulla respond to stress signals from the nervous system?
- What type of cells are found in the adrenal medulla?
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Related terms
Adrenal Cortex: The outer part of the adrenal gland that produces steroid hormones such as cortisol and aldosterone.
Sympathetic Nervous System: A branch of the autonomic nervous system that prepares the body for rapid action in stressful situations.
Chromaffin Cells: Specialized cells in the adrenal medulla that secrete adrenaline and noradrenaline.
