Adenosine triphosphate

Definition

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the primary energy carrier in all living organisms. It stores and transfers energy within cells, enabling various biological processes.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. ATP consists of adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups.
2. The hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and an inorganic phosphate releases energy used by cells.
3. ATP synthesis occurs primarily in the mitochondria during cellular respiration.
4. ATP is also produced in chloroplasts during photosynthesis in plants.
5. Cells use ATP for mechanical work, transport work, and chemical work.

Review Questions

• What are the components that make up an ATP molecule?
• How does the hydrolysis of ATP provide energy for cellular processes?
• Where in the cell is ATP primarily synthesized?

Related terms

ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate): A molecule formed by the removal of one phosphate group from ATP, releasing energy.

Cellular Respiration: A metabolic process that converts glucose into ATP in the presence of oxygen.

Photosynthesis: A process used by plants to convert light energy into chemical energy stored as glucose, with ATP being a key intermediate.