Activators
Definition
Activators are proteins that increase the transcription of specific genes. They bind to DNA sequences called enhancers and help recruit RNA polymerase to the promoter.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
- Activators play a crucial role in the regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes.
- They can interact with other proteins, such as co-activators, to enhance gene transcription.
- An example of an activator in prokaryotes is the catabolite activator protein (CAP), which regulates the lac operon.
- Activators often work by inducing conformational changes in DNA that facilitate the binding of RNA polymerase.
- Their activity can be modulated by small molecules or environmental signals.
Review Questions
- What role do activators play in gene transcription?
- How do activators interact with RNA polymerase?
- Can you name an example of an activator involved in prokaryotic gene regulation?
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Related terms
Repressor: Proteins that bind to operator regions and inhibit gene transcription.
Enhancer: DNA sequence that activators bind to, increasing the likelihood of transcription.
RNA Polymerase: The enzyme responsible for transcribing RNA from a DNA template.
