National Historic Preservation Act

Definition

The National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) is a significant piece of legislation enacted in 1966 aimed at preserving historical and archaeological sites in the United States. This act established a framework for the federal government and states to work together in identifying and protecting cultural resources, ensuring that significant historic places are preserved for future generations. The NHPA recognizes the importance of cultural heritage and mandates that federal agencies consider the impact of their projects on historic properties.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The National Historic Preservation Act was signed into law on October 15, 1966, marking a pivotal shift towards formal preservation efforts in the U.S.
2. The act created the National Register of Historic Places, allowing for the official recognition of sites deemed worthy of preservation.
3. Section 106 of the NHPA requires federal agencies to take into account the effects of their actions on historic properties, leading to necessary assessments and consultations.
4. Each state has a State Historic Preservation Office that plays a critical role in implementing preservation programs, offering guidance and support for local preservation efforts.
5. The NHPA has been amended multiple times since its original passage, expanding its scope and enhancing protections for cultural heritage sites.

Review Questions

• How does the National Historic Preservation Act influence federal projects regarding historic sites?
  • The National Historic Preservation Act influences federal projects through its Section 106 Review process, which requires federal agencies to assess how their actions might affect historic properties. This review process ensures that any potential impacts are considered before proceeding with a project, allowing for necessary consultations with stakeholders and opportunities for public input. By mandating this assessment, the NHPA promotes awareness of cultural heritage and encourages proactive measures to protect significant historical sites.
• Discuss the relationship between the National Register of Historic Places and the National Historic Preservation Act in promoting cultural heritage preservation.
  • The National Register of Historic Places is an essential component of the National Historic Preservation Act, serving as a tool for recognizing and protecting historically significant sites across the country. The NHPA establishes criteria for inclusion on the National Register, which helps prioritize preservation efforts. By officially listing sites, it not only raises public awareness about their significance but also opens up opportunities for federal funding and tax incentives for preservation projects, strengthening community efforts to maintain their cultural heritage.
• Evaluate the impact of State Historic Preservation Offices in implementing the National Historic Preservation Act and how they contribute to local community engagement.
  • State Historic Preservation Offices (SHPOs) play a crucial role in implementing the National Historic Preservation Act at the state level by managing preservation programs and assisting local communities. They provide guidance on identifying, evaluating, and protecting historic resources, fostering partnerships between various stakeholders. This local engagement is vital for raising awareness about cultural heritage within communities and ensuring that preservation efforts reflect local values and priorities, ultimately leading to more effective and sustainable outcomes in preserving historical sites.

Related terms

National Register of Historic Places: A list maintained by the National Park Service that recognizes and protects historically significant properties across the United States.

Section 106 Review: A process mandated by the NHPA requiring federal agencies to assess the effects of their undertakings on historic properties and to consult with interested parties.

State Historic Preservation Offices: State-level agencies established to implement the NHPA at the state level, assisting in identifying, evaluating, and protecting historic resources.