Lysistrata

Definition

Lysistrata is a comedic play written by Aristophanes in 411 BCE that centers around a woman's daring plan to end the Peloponnesian War by withholding sexual relations from their husbands until peace is achieved. This work is a prime example of Old Comedy, showcasing its characteristics through satire, humor, and social commentary, while also illustrating the evolution toward New Comedy with its focus on personal relationships and domestic issues.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. 'Lysistrata' was performed during the City Dionysia festival, a major cultural event in Athens, which highlighted its importance in Athenian society.
2. The play uses humor to critique the prolonged war and the gender roles of women in ancient Greece, showcasing their potential influence on political matters.
3. Lysistrata's main character is portrayed as strong and clever, defying traditional gender norms of her time, representing women's power in a male-dominated society.
4. The resolution of the play emphasizes reconciliation and peace as Lysistrata successfully unites women from various city-states to achieve their goal.
5. 'Lysistrata' continues to be relevant today as it addresses themes of gender politics, war, and the impact of collective action in societal change.

Review Questions

• How does 'Lysistrata' reflect the characteristics of Old Comedy while also hinting at the transition toward New Comedy?
  • 'Lysistrata' exemplifies Old Comedy through its satirical approach to political issues and exaggerated situations involving war and gender roles. It uses humor and absurdity to engage the audience with current events in Athenian society. However, it also hints at New Comedy through its focus on personal relationships and domestic issues, as the women's collective action primarily revolves around their intimate lives and the dynamics of marriage.
• What role does satire play in 'Lysistrata', particularly in relation to the political context of its time?
  • Satire is a fundamental element of 'Lysistrata', allowing Aristophanes to critique the Peloponnesian War and the societal norms surrounding gender. By portraying women taking control and manipulating their husbands through a sex strike, Aristophanes highlights the absurdity of war and questions traditional male dominance. The humorous yet poignant commentary on Athenian politics encourages audiences to reflect on the consequences of prolonged conflict and emphasizes the importance of peace.
• Evaluate how 'Lysistrata' serves as a commentary on gender roles in ancient Greece and its implications for contemporary discussions on gender politics.
  • 'Lysistrata' serves as a powerful commentary on gender roles by portraying women as proactive agents capable of influencing significant political change. The character Lysistrata embodies strength and intelligence, challenging the traditional submissive role expected of women. This depiction resonates with contemporary discussions on gender politics by showcasing women's potential to drive social transformation. The play's themes encourage ongoing reflection on power dynamics between genders and highlight the relevance of women's voices in political discourse.

Related terms

Old Comedy: A genre of ancient Greek comedy characterized by its satirical approach, political commentary, and exaggerated plots, often featuring fantastical elements.

New Comedy: A later form of Greek comedy that emerged in the 4th century BCE, focusing on everyday life, romantic relationships, and social situations rather than political themes.

Aristophanes: An ancient Greek playwright known for his sharp wit and satire, considered one of the greatest comic poets of ancient Athens, with works that include 'Lysistrata' and 'The Clouds.'