Primary

Definition

In the context of American cinema, 'primary' refers to the main or most significant elements that define a particular era or movement. It highlights the foundational aspects of filmmaking, storytelling, and cultural impact that shaped the landscape of cinema during the transformation of American cinema in the 1960s and 1970s. This includes notable shifts in themes, techniques, and audience engagement that emerged as filmmakers began to break away from traditional norms.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The 1960s and 1970s saw a dramatic shift from studio-controlled productions to more independent filmmaking, allowing for greater artistic expression.
2. Filmmakers began to tackle complex social issues such as race, gender, and war, reflecting the turbulent political climate of the time.
3. Technological advancements, like portable cameras and sound equipment, empowered filmmakers to shoot on location and experiment with new styles.
4. The rise of film festivals created platforms for independent films to gain recognition outside of traditional studio systems.
5. Audience demographics began to change, as younger viewers sought more relatable and provocative content, paving the way for a new era of cinema.

Review Questions

• What are the key characteristics that defined 'primary' elements in the transformation of American cinema during this era?
  • 'Primary' elements in the transformation of American cinema during the 1960s and 1970s include a shift towards more personal storytelling and creative freedom for filmmakers. This era saw directors breaking away from conventional narratives to address social issues, reflecting the cultural upheaval of the time. Additionally, technological innovations allowed for a more immersive viewing experience, further enhancing the connection between films and their audiences.
• How did the rise of independent filmmaking serve as a primary factor in transforming American cinema during this period?
  • The rise of independent filmmaking was a primary factor in transforming American cinema as it shifted power from major studios to individual creators. Filmmakers were able to produce films that reflected their unique visions without adhering to studio mandates. This independence allowed for diverse storytelling and experimentation with form and content, leading to films that challenged societal norms and resonated deeply with audiences seeking authenticity and relevance.
• Evaluate how the changing audience demographics influenced what was considered 'primary' in American cinema during the 1960s and 1970s.
  • Changing audience demographics significantly influenced what was deemed 'primary' in American cinema as younger viewers increasingly sought films that reflected their realities and concerns. This shift encouraged filmmakers to tackle provocative themes like identity, resistance, and social justice. As filmmakers catered to these audiences, they produced more authentic narratives that deviated from traditional cinematic tropes, redefining what constituted mainstream cinema and marking a departure from earlier eras.

Related terms

New Hollywood: A filmmaking movement in the late 1960s and 1970s characterized by a group of young directors who took creative control, focusing on more personal and innovative storytelling.

Blockbuster: A term used to describe high-budget films that achieve massive commercial success, often marked by special effects and widespread marketing campaigns.

Censorship: The suppression or prohibition of films or specific content within films by government entities or organizations, impacting what filmmakers could portray on screen.