Gargoyles

Definition

Gargoyles are carved stone creatures, typically depicting grotesque faces or figures, that are commonly found on Gothic architecture. Originally designed as waterspouts to direct rainwater away from the sides of buildings, gargoyles have also become symbolic elements representing protection against evil spirits and a connection to the spiritual realm. Their intricate designs reflect the artistic creativity of the Gothic period and serve both functional and decorative purposes.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Gargoyles were originally functional as water spouts, helping to divert rainwater from the roof and prevent erosion of the masonry below.
2. The word 'gargoyle' comes from the French word 'gargouille,' meaning throat or gullet, reflecting their purpose in directing water.
3. Gargoyles are often designed to be intimidating or grotesque to ward off evil spirits and serve as protectors of the building they adorn.
4. Many gargoyles feature exaggerated facial expressions or animalistic features, showcasing the Gothic style's focus on intricacy and emotion.
5. While some gargoyles serve as waterspouts, others are purely ornamental and can be found in various forms throughout cathedrals and churches.

Review Questions

• How do gargoyles reflect the artistic style and cultural beliefs of the Gothic period?
  • Gargoyles exemplify the artistic style of the Gothic period through their intricate designs and expressive features, showcasing the emphasis on detail and creativity. They also reflect cultural beliefs by serving as protective symbols meant to ward off evil spirits. The incorporation of these figures into architecture highlights the blend of functionality and artistry characteristic of Gothic structures, representing both a practical solution for water drainage and a decorative element rooted in spiritual significance.
• Discuss the dual purpose of gargoyles in Gothic architecture as both functional elements and artistic representations.
  • Gargoyles serve a dual purpose in Gothic architecture; they are functional as water spouts that direct rainwater away from building walls, preventing erosion and structural damage. At the same time, they are artistic representations filled with symbolism. Their grotesque forms not only enhance the aesthetic appeal of cathedrals but also communicate themes of protection against malevolent forces. This combination of practicality and artistry is a hallmark of Gothic design, showcasing how functionality can coexist with rich visual storytelling.
• Evaluate the significance of gargoyles within the broader context of Gothic architecture and their impact on modern perceptions of medieval art.
  • Gargoyles hold significant importance within Gothic architecture, representing both technical innovation in addressing water drainage and rich symbolism associated with protection and spirituality. Their detailed craftsmanship reflects the era's artistic values and has left a lasting legacy in modern perceptions of medieval art. Today, gargoyles are seen not only as historical artifacts but also as cultural icons that evoke fascination with the past. They bridge ancient beliefs with contemporary interpretations, influencing how we view art from previous centuries as both functional and meaningful.

Related terms

Chimera: A chimera is a mythical creature often depicted in Gothic architecture, resembling a combination of different animals or human figures, often symbolizing a guardian role.

Flying Buttress: A flying buttress is an architectural element that supports the walls of a Gothic cathedral and allows for larger windows, which often feature stained glass.

Romanesque Architecture: Romanesque architecture is a style that preceded Gothic architecture, characterized by thick walls, round arches, and sturdy piers, but lacking the verticality and intricate details seen in Gothic structures.