Cornice

Definition

A cornice is a prominent architectural feature that projects from the top of a wall, typically serving as a decorative crown or molding. Cornices are crucial in classical architecture, as they provide visual distinction and help to define the relationship between the building's vertical and horizontal elements. This element not only adds aesthetic appeal but also plays a role in directing rainwater away from the building's walls.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Cornices can be found in various styles, including classical, baroque, and neoclassical architecture, each with distinct design elements.
2. In addition to their decorative purpose, cornices also help to protect the building by providing shade and preventing water accumulation at the top of walls.
3. The design of cornices can vary significantly, with some featuring elaborate carvings while others maintain a more simple geometric form.
4. Cornices were historically made from materials such as stone, wood, and plaster, with modern designs incorporating metal and synthetic materials.
5. In classical architecture, the cornice is often the uppermost element of the entablature and works in conjunction with other components like the frieze and architrave.

Review Questions

• How do cornices contribute to the overall aesthetic and structural integrity of classical buildings?
  • Cornices enhance the aesthetic appeal of classical buildings by adding a decorative crown that emphasizes the transition between vertical and horizontal elements. They also play a structural role by directing water away from walls, preventing moisture damage. By combining these functions, cornices help maintain both the beauty and longevity of architectural designs.
• Discuss the differences between cornices found in classical architecture versus those in modern architecture.
  • Cornices in classical architecture are often more ornate and detailed, reflecting the styles of their time with intricate carvings and moldings. In contrast, modern architecture tends to favor simpler and more minimalist designs, focusing on functionality over embellishment. While both types serve similar protective functions against water, their aesthetic expressions vary significantly due to changing design philosophies across different eras.
• Evaluate the impact of materials used in cornice construction on architectural design throughout history.
  • The materials used for cornices have evolved significantly, influencing architectural design across different periods. In ancient times, stone and plaster were common due to their durability and ability to be carved into intricate designs. As technology advanced, metals and synthetic materials emerged, allowing for more innovative shapes and styles. This evolution reflects broader trends in architectural practice and aesthetics, demonstrating how material choices can reshape visual narratives in building design.

Related terms

entablature:

The horizontal structure supported by columns, consisting of three main sections: architrave, frieze, and cornice.

frieze:

The middle section of the entablature, often adorned with relief sculptures or decorative elements.

pilaster: A rectangular column that is attached to a wall and provides an architectural feature that mimics the appearance of a column.