Treatment assignment refers to the process of assigning participants in a study or experiment to different groups or conditions, usually including a treatment group and a control group. This is crucial in determining causal relationships, as it helps isolate the effect of the treatment from other variables. The way treatment is assigned can influence the interpretation of results, impacting the estimation of effects like average treatment effects and local average treatment effects, as well as informing the structure of directed acyclic graphs used to represent causal relationships.
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