Burmese Period

Definition

The Burmese Period refers to a significant phase in the history of Myanmar, particularly from the 11th to the 13th centuries, characterized by the rise of the Pagan Kingdom and the development of Theravada Buddhism as the dominant religion. This period is marked by remarkable advancements in architecture, art, and religious practices, which laid the foundation for the distinctive features of Burmese culture and its architectural forms.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. During the Burmese Period, thousands of stupas and temples were constructed, with many still standing today as a testament to the architectural prowess of that time.
2. The period saw a strong influence of Indian art and architecture, leading to the incorporation of new styles into Burmese religious structures.
3. Theravada Buddhism became deeply embedded in the social and cultural fabric of Myanmar during this era, influencing everything from governance to daily life.
4. The Pagan Kingdom's rulers were instrumental in promoting Buddhism, often commissioning monumental architecture to express their devotion and legitimize their power.
5. Artistic representations from the Burmese Period reflect both spiritual beliefs and local cultural elements, creating a unique blend that distinguishes Burmese Buddhist art.

Review Questions

• How did the architectural developments during the Burmese Period reflect the cultural and religious influences of that time?
  • The architectural developments during the Burmese Period showcased a fusion of indigenous styles with Indian influences, resulting in unique temple designs and stupas. The massive construction projects reflected the significance of Theravada Buddhism in society, as rulers commissioned these structures to display their devotion and reinforce their authority. As a result, these buildings not only served religious purposes but also became symbols of cultural identity for the Burmese people.
• Discuss the role of the Pagan Kingdom in shaping the religious landscape of Myanmar during the Burmese Period.
  • The Pagan Kingdom played a crucial role in establishing Theravada Buddhism as the dominant religion in Myanmar during the Burmese Period. The kings actively supported Buddhist monastic communities and initiated large-scale temple construction projects, which promoted religious practices across the kingdom. This royal patronage not only enhanced Buddhist influence but also integrated it into various aspects of daily life, including governance, art, and community activities.
• Evaluate how the architectural achievements of the Burmese Period continue to influence modern Myanmar's identity and culture.
  • The architectural achievements from the Burmese Period have left a lasting impact on Myanmar's national identity and cultural heritage. The ancient stupas and temples serve as important symbols of historical continuity and spiritual significance for contemporary Myanmar. These structures attract both local pilgrims and international tourists, contributing to a sense of pride among Myanmar's citizens while also raising awareness about their rich cultural legacy. The ongoing reverence for these historical sites underscores how past architectural innovations shape present-day values and beliefs.

Related terms

Pagan Kingdom: A powerful kingdom in central Myanmar that flourished from the 9th to 13th centuries, known for its extensive temple constructions and promotion of Theravada Buddhism.

Stupa: A dome-shaped structure used as a Buddhist shrine, often containing relics and serving as a focal point for meditation and worship.

Theravada Buddhism: One of the oldest forms of Buddhism, prevalent in Southeast Asia, emphasizing the individual's path to enlightenment through meditation and ethical living.