Creb-binding protein

Definition

CREB-binding protein (CBP) is a transcriptional coactivator that plays a crucial role in the regulation of gene expression by interacting with various transcription factors, including the cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB). CBP acts as a bridge between transcription factors and the transcriptional machinery, facilitating the recruitment of other proteins necessary for gene activation. This protein is particularly important in processes like cell signaling, differentiation, and memory formation in neurons.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. CBP can act as a coactivator for a variety of transcription factors, enhancing their ability to initiate gene transcription.
2. In addition to its role in gene regulation, CBP is also involved in chromatin remodeling and acts as a scaffold for the assembly of transcriptional complexes.
3. Mutations or dysregulation of CBP are associated with various diseases, including cancer and cognitive disorders, highlighting its importance in maintaining normal cellular functions.
4. CBP interacts with multiple signaling pathways, including those mediated by hormones and growth factors, making it a key player in integrating cellular responses.
5. The acetylation activity of CBP not only influences gene expression but also affects processes like DNA repair and cell cycle regulation.

Review Questions

• How does creb-binding protein function as a coactivator for transcription factors like CREB?
  • CREB-binding protein functions as a coactivator by binding to transcription factors such as CREB, enhancing their ability to initiate transcription. It does this by recruiting additional proteins and components of the transcriptional machinery to the promoter regions of target genes. The interaction between CBP and CREB is crucial for effective gene expression, particularly in response to signaling molecules like cAMP.
• Discuss the significance of CBP's histone acetyltransferase activity in the context of gene regulation.
  • CBP's histone acetyltransferase activity plays a significant role in gene regulation by modifying histones through acetylation. This modification leads to a more relaxed chromatin structure, making DNA more accessible for transcription. As a result, genes that are regulated by CBP can be expressed more readily, allowing for appropriate cellular responses to signals such as hormones or growth factors.
• Evaluate the potential consequences of mutations in the creb-binding protein gene on cellular functions and disease development.
  • Mutations in the creb-binding protein gene can have serious consequences on cellular functions, potentially leading to disrupted gene expression and altered signaling pathways. Such mutations are linked to various diseases, including certain cancers and cognitive disorders. The impairment of CBP function can affect critical processes like cell growth, differentiation, and memory formation, illustrating how integral this coactivator is to normal physiological functions.

Related terms

Transcription Factor: A protein that binds to specific DNA sequences, controlling the rate of transcription of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA.

cAMP: Cyclic adenosine monophosphate, a second messenger important in many biological processes, which activates protein kinase A and regulates the activity of CBP.

Histone Acetyltransferase: An enzyme that adds acetyl groups to histones, modifying chromatin structure and facilitating gene expression; CBP possesses this activity.