Tripitaka Koreana

Definition

The Tripitaka Koreana is a comprehensive collection of Buddhist scriptures carved onto wooden blocks in the 13th century, specifically during the Goryeo Dynasty in Korea. This remarkable work represents one of the most complete and accurate versions of the Buddhist canon in existence. The creation of the Tripitaka Koreana reflects the influence of Song China's advanced printing techniques and artistic traditions, showcasing how these elements were integrated into Korean culture during this period.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Tripitaka Koreana was created between 1236 and 1251 and consists of over 80,000 individual woodblocks, making it one of the largest and most extensive collections of Buddhist texts in the world.
2. The project was initiated by Goryeo King Gojong in response to a Mongol invasion, aiming to invoke Buddhist protection for the kingdom.
3. Each woodblock was meticulously carved to ensure precision and clarity, showcasing exceptional craftsmanship that reflects the artistic skills developed during the Goryeo period.
4. Unlike other versions of the Buddhist canon, the Tripitaka Koreana specifically follows the Korean version known as the 'Palit,' emphasizing Mahayana teachings.
5. The original blocks are preserved at Haeinsa Temple in South Korea, which is now recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site due to its cultural significance.

Review Questions

• How did the creation of the Tripitaka Koreana reflect the influence of Song China on Goryeo art and culture?
  • The Tripitaka Koreana was influenced by Song China's advanced techniques in woodblock printing and artistic expression. The detailed craftsmanship involved in creating each woodblock demonstrates a fusion of Chinese methods with local Korean artistry. This collaboration not only facilitated the preservation of Buddhist texts but also signified a cultural exchange that enriched Goryeo art during its period of development.
• Discuss how the historical context of the Goryeo Dynasty shaped the motivations behind producing the Tripitaka Koreana.
  • The production of the Tripitaka Koreana was primarily motivated by the need for protection against Mongol invasions during the 13th century. King Gojong believed that creating this comprehensive collection of Buddhist scriptures would invoke divine protection for his kingdom. The socio-political challenges faced by Goryeo leaders underscored their commitment to Buddhism as a stabilizing force, leading to a significant investment in this monumental project.
• Evaluate the lasting impact of the Tripitaka Koreana on modern perceptions of Korean culture and Buddhism.
  • The Tripitaka Koreana has had a profound impact on modern perceptions of Korean culture, particularly regarding its historical dedication to Buddhism and scholarly pursuits. As one of the most complete collections of Buddhist texts, it serves not only as a religious artifact but also as a symbol of national pride and cultural identity. Its preservation as a UNESCO World Heritage site highlights its importance in understanding Korea's historical narrative and contributes to ongoing discussions about cultural heritage and religious scholarship today.

Related terms

Goryeo Dynasty:

A Korean dynasty that lasted from 918 to 1392, known for its cultural advancements, including the development of ceramics, painting, and literature.

Buddhism:

A spiritual and philosophical tradition founded on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, emphasizing the path to enlightenment through practices such as meditation and ethical living.

Woodblock Printing: An ancient method of printing that involves carving images or text into a wooden block, which is then inked and pressed onto paper or fabric.