Dharmachakra mudra

Definition

The dharmachakra mudra, also known as the 'gesture of teaching,' is a symbolic hand gesture (mudra) used in Buddhist art and iconography that represents the turning of the Wheel of Dharma. This gesture signifies the transmission of Buddha's teachings, particularly his first sermon at Sarnath after attaining enlightenment. The dharmachakra mudra is often depicted in statues and images of the Buddha, emphasizing its significance in conveying spiritual knowledge and guidance.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The dharmachakra mudra is typically performed with both hands, where the thumb and index finger of each hand touch to form a circle, symbolizing the cyclical nature of life and the unity of teachings.
2. This mudra is prominently featured in many Buddhist statues and paintings, especially those depicting Shakyamuni Buddha, who is often shown in this gesture during his teaching scenes.
3. The term 'Dharmachakra' translates to 'Wheel of Dharma,' representing the spreading of Buddha's teachings across the world, akin to a wheel rolling out in all directions.
4. In addition to representing teaching, the dharmachakra mudra also symbolizes the path to enlightenment and the importance of following the middle way as taught by Buddha.
5. The gesture is often associated with the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path, which are foundational teachings in Buddhism that guide followers on their spiritual journey.

Review Questions

• How does the dharmachakra mudra relate to the life and teachings of Buddha?
  • The dharmachakra mudra is closely tied to the life of Buddha, particularly after his enlightenment when he delivered his first sermon at Sarnath. By performing this gesture, Buddha symbolically represented the transmission of his teachings about suffering and the path to liberation. This connection reinforces how important it was for him to share his insights with others, highlighting the role of teaching in Buddhism.
• Discuss how the dharmachakra mudra reflects key Buddhist concepts like Dharma and the cycle of life.
  • The dharmachakra mudra embodies essential Buddhist concepts such as Dharma and the cyclical nature of existence. By forming a circle with his hands, Buddha indicates that teachings are not only meant to be shared but also signify how life operates in cycles. This reinforces how individuals must understand these teachings to navigate through life's challenges while staying on the path toward enlightenment.
• Evaluate the significance of the dharmachakra mudra in Buddhist art and its impact on cultural representations of spirituality.
  • The dharmachakra mudra holds great significance in Buddhist art as it serves as a powerful symbol of teaching and spiritual guidance. Its recurring presence in sculptures and paintings helps communicate core Buddhist values across cultures, thus influencing how spirituality is perceived. The impact extends beyond mere visual representation; it shapes an understanding of how teachings are transmitted through generations and fosters an appreciation for meditation practices focused on Dharma.

Related terms

Buddha: An enlightened being who has attained nirvana and serves as a teacher and guide in Buddhism.

Mudra: A symbolic hand gesture in Hinduism and Buddhism used in rituals and iconography to convey specific meanings.

Dharma: In Buddhism, Dharma refers to the teachings of the Buddha, encompassing the principles of the path to enlightenment.