Opisthodomos

Definition

The opisthodomos is a specific architectural feature found in ancient Greek temples, referring to the enclosed space or chamber located at the rear of the temple, typically behind the cella. This area was often used for storing valuable items and sacred offerings and played a role in the overall symmetry and design of the temple, reflecting innovations in temple architecture during the Early Classical period and beyond.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The opisthodomos is positioned at the rear of a temple and is often aligned with the pronaos at the front, creating a balanced architectural composition.
2. In many temples, especially those dedicated to important deities, the opisthodomos served as a treasury for holding precious offerings and sacred items.
3. This architectural feature became more prominent during the Early Classical period as architects sought to enhance both aesthetic appeal and functional utility in temple designs.
4. The presence of an opisthodomos reflects advancements in Greek architecture, showcasing how temples were designed not only for worship but also for displaying wealth and devotion.
5. Famous examples of temples with an opisthodomos include the Parthenon and the Temple of Apollo at Delphi, both exhibiting intricate details that highlight its significance.

Review Questions

• How did the design of the opisthodomos contribute to the overall symmetry and function of Greek temples?
  • The design of the opisthodomos contributed to the symmetry of Greek temples by creating a balanced structure with equal emphasis on both ends, enhancing its aesthetic appeal. Functionally, it served as a secure storage area for valuable offerings and treasures, thereby reinforcing the temple's role as a significant site of worship and civic pride. The integration of this feature reflects the architectural innovations of the time, where aesthetics and functionality were harmoniously combined.
• Discuss the significance of the opisthodomos in relation to Early Classical architectural innovations.
  • The significance of the opisthodomos in Early Classical architecture lies in its demonstration of how architectural elements evolved to enhance both form and function. During this period, architects began focusing on creating spaces that were not only visually appealing but also served practical purposes. The inclusion of an opisthodomos allowed for better organization within the temple structure while showcasing wealth through storage of precious offerings, marking a shift towards more sophisticated temple designs.
• Evaluate how the use of opisthodomos in temples like the Parthenon influenced later architectural practices in Western history.
  • The use of opisthodomos in temples like the Parthenon set a precedent for incorporating functional spaces within grand architectural designs that influenced later Western practices. Its blend of aesthetic elegance with practical utility can be seen echoed in Renaissance architecture and neoclassical movements, where structures began to integrate symbolic spaces that served multiple purposes. This concept of multifunctionality helped shape modern architectural principles, emphasizing that beauty should coexist with utility in public buildings.

Related terms

cella: The main inner chamber of a temple where the cult statue of the deity was housed.

pronaos: The space or porch located in front of the cella, usually defined by columns.

peristyle: A continuous row of columns that surrounds a building or courtyard, typical in classical temple design.