Cornice

Definition

A cornice is a decorative horizontal molding that crowns a building or structure, often found at the top of walls or along the edges of roofs. It serves both aesthetic and functional purposes, adding a finishing touch to architectural designs while also helping to direct water away from the building's façade.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Cornices are often elaborately designed in classical architecture, particularly in the Doric and Ionic orders, showcasing intricate carvings and moldings.
2. In addition to their decorative role, cornices help protect buildings from water damage by directing rainwater away from the structure.
3. Cornices can vary significantly in style and size, from simple straight lines to ornate designs featuring scrolls or floral motifs.
4. The use of cornices is prevalent not only in ancient Greek architecture but also in Roman and later European styles, reflecting their lasting influence on architectural design.
5. Modern interpretations of cornices can still be seen in contemporary architecture, where they may be simplified or stylized to suit current design trends.

Review Questions

• How does the design of a cornice reflect the characteristics of Doric and Ionic architectural orders?
  • Cornices are integral to both Doric and Ionic architectural styles, showcasing their distinct aesthetic features. In Doric architecture, cornices are typically more straightforward and robust, reflecting the order's emphasis on strength and simplicity. In contrast, Ionic cornices often exhibit more elaborate details and curves, emphasizing elegance and refinement. The choice of cornice design not only enhances the building's visual appeal but also reinforces the overall architectural language of these classical orders.
• Discuss the functional importance of a cornice in building design beyond its decorative aspects.
  • While cornices are primarily recognized for their decorative qualities, they also serve important functional roles in architecture. One key function is water management; cornices help channel rainwater away from walls and windows, preventing potential water damage to the structure. Additionally, they can provide shade to windows and entrances, reducing glare and heat gain inside buildings. This combination of aesthetics and functionality makes cornices a critical element in effective architectural design.
• Evaluate how the evolution of cornice designs reflects changes in architectural styles from classical to modern periods.
  • The evolution of cornice designs illustrates significant shifts in architectural styles over time. In classical architecture, cornices were prominently featured with elaborate detailing that conveyed grandeur and stability. As architectural movements progressed into the Renaissance and Baroque periods, cornices became even more ornate, often integrating sculptures and intricate motifs. In contrast, modern architecture tends to favor minimalist approaches; while some contemporary designs maintain cornices for stylistic continuity, they are often simplified or stylized to align with current trends. This transformation reflects broader cultural and artistic changes throughout history, highlighting how architectural elements adapt to new tastes and technologies.

Related terms

entablature: The horizontal structure supported by columns, typically consisting of three main sections: the architrave, frieze, and cornice.

frieze:

A decorative band that runs horizontally along the upper part of a wall, often situated between the cornice and the architrave in classical architecture.

pediment:

The triangular upper part of a building's façade, often found above the cornice, which can be embellished with sculptures or decorative elements.