Corinthian

Definition

Corinthian refers to one of the three classical orders of ancient Greek architecture, characterized by its ornate and elaborate design, particularly the use of acanthus leaves and scroll-like ornaments on its capitals. This style reflects the artistic innovations during the Classical period and demonstrates the aesthetic shift towards more decorative forms in public buildings and temples. The Corinthian order eventually had a significant influence on Roman architecture, highlighting its lasting impact on subsequent artistic developments and cultural practices.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Corinthian order emerged in the late Classical period, around the 4th century B.C., becoming the most elaborate of the three architectural orders.
2. Corinthian columns are typically taller and more slender than Doric and Ionic columns, contributing to their elegance and decorative nature.
3. The capital of a Corinthian column is adorned with intricate acanthus leaves and scrolls, symbolizing wealth and opulence.
4. Roman architects adopted and adapted the Corinthian order extensively, using it in numerous monumental structures throughout their empire.
5. The Corinthian style reflects broader artistic developments in ancient Greece, including a movement towards greater expressiveness and ornamentation in architecture.

Review Questions

• How does the Corinthian order compare to the Doric and Ionic orders in terms of design features?
  • The Corinthian order is noted for its highly decorative capitals adorned with acanthus leaves and scrolls, making it more ornate than both the Doric and Ionic orders. In contrast, Doric columns are characterized by their simplicity and sturdiness, while Ionic columns feature volute scrolls that provide a softer appearance. This evolution in design reflects a shift in Greek architecture towards more elaborate forms, particularly during the late Classical period.
• Discuss the role of the Corinthian order in Roman architecture and how it influenced their building styles.
  • The Corinthian order became immensely popular in Roman architecture due to its aesthetic appeal and association with grandeur. Romans adopted this style for numerous public buildings, temples, and monuments, often using it to convey power and sophistication. The lavishness of Corinthian columns matched Roman ideals of opulence, leading to their widespread application in structures such as the Pantheon and various basilicas, which showcased this ornate style as a hallmark of Roman engineering.
• Evaluate the significance of the Corinthian order within the broader context of ancient Greek artistic developments.
  • The Corinthian order represents a key phase in ancient Greek architectural evolution, illustrating a transition from functional simplicity to decorative complexity. This shift mirrors broader cultural changes during the Classical period, where artistry began to reflect not just utility but also beauty and symbolism. As Greece's influence spread, particularly through Rome's adaptation of this style, the Corinthian order laid foundations for future architectural practices across various cultures, highlighting its enduring legacy in art history.

Related terms

Doric Order: The simplest of the three classical orders, known for its sturdy columns and plain capitals, often associated with strength and masculinity.

Ionic Order: Recognized for its slender columns and volute scrolls on the capitals, representing a more graceful and feminine style compared to the Doric order.

Entablature: The horizontal structure supported by columns, consisting of three main sections: architrave, frieze, and cornice, essential in classical architecture.