Ara Pacis Augustae

Definition

The Ara Pacis Augustae, or Altar of Augustan Peace, is an important monument dedicated to Pax, the Roman goddess of peace, built during the reign of Emperor Augustus around 13-9 B.C. It symbolizes the peace and prosperity brought by Augustus after years of civil war, reflecting the values of the Augustan era. The altar is adorned with elaborate reliefs that illustrate both mythological and historical scenes, showcasing Augustus' connection to the divine and his role as a leader who brings stability to Rome.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Ara Pacis was commissioned by the Roman Senate to honor Augustus for his military victories and the peace he established in Rome.
2. Its design incorporates elements of classical Greek architecture, reflecting the influence of Hellenistic traditions on Roman art.
3. The reliefs depict significant themes such as fertility, abundance, and the importance of family, aligning with Augustus' vision for a restored Roman society.
4. The altar is constructed from Carrara marble and features intricate carvings that include representations of both gods and everyday citizens.
5. The Ara Pacis was originally located in a more prominent area but was later moved and partially reconstructed in the 20th century, becoming a focal point for understanding Augustan ideology.

Review Questions

• How does the design and decoration of the Ara Pacis Augustae reflect the cultural values of the time?
  • The design of the Ara Pacis incorporates elements from Greek architecture, demonstrating the influence of Hellenistic artistic traditions on Roman culture. The intricate reliefs not only illustrate mythological themes but also emphasize family values and prosperity, which were central to Augustus' agenda. This melding of styles showcases a commitment to both tradition and innovation while promoting the idea of peace under Augustus’ rule, effectively communicating the cultural ideals of harmony and stability.
• In what ways does the Ara Pacis Augustae serve as a political statement about Augustus’ reign?
  • The Ara Pacis serves as a powerful political statement by visually communicating Augustus' achievements in restoring peace after civil strife. The reliefs celebrate military victories and emphasize Augustus’ role as a benevolent leader. By dedicating the altar to Pax, it positions Augustus as not just a ruler but a divinely favored figure responsible for Rome's prosperity, reinforcing his authority and legitimacy while aligning his reign with ideals of peace and prosperity.
• Evaluate the significance of the Ara Pacis in relation to other Roman monuments built during Augustus’ time and their impact on future generations.
  • The significance of the Ara Pacis lies in its embodiment of Augustan ideology, marking a pivotal shift in how emperors used monumental art to convey power and divine favor. Compared to other Roman monuments, such as the Forum of Augustus or the Mausoleum of Augustus, it uniquely combines personal legacy with public messaging through its rich symbolism. This approach influenced future generations by setting a precedent for using art as a political tool in imperial propaganda, inspiring later emperors to create similar monuments that reflected their own narratives and aspirations for peace and stability within the empire.

Related terms

Pax Romana: A long period of relative peace and stability across the Roman Empire that lasted for about 200 years, starting with Augustus' reign.

Relief Sculpture: A sculptural technique where the figures project from a background surface, used extensively in Roman art for storytelling and decoration.

Augustus: The first Roman emperor who ruled from 27 B.C. until his death in A.D. 14, known for establishing the principles of imperial rule and initiating significant reforms.