American Declaration of Independence

Definition

The American Declaration of Independence is a historic document adopted on July 4, 1776, declaring the thirteen American colonies free from British rule. It articulates the principles of individual liberty and the right to self-governance, emphasizing the idea that governments derive their power from the consent of the governed. This declaration became a foundational symbol of American identity and inspired revolutionary movements worldwide.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Declaration was adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, marking a pivotal moment in American history.
2. It asserts that 'all men are created equal' and lists grievances against King George III, justifying the colonies' break from British rule.
3. The document was signed by 56 delegates, including prominent figures like John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, and Thomas Jefferson.
4. The Declaration not only proclaimed independence but also established the philosophical foundation for democratic governance in America.
5. Its influence extended beyond America, inspiring revolutionary movements in France and Latin America during the late 18th and early 19th centuries.

Review Questions

• What are the key principles articulated in the American Declaration of Independence, and how do they reflect Enlightenment thought?
  • The key principles articulated in the American Declaration of Independence include individual liberty, equality, and the right to self-governance. These ideas reflect Enlightenment thought by emphasizing reason and human rights as central to political legitimacy. The assertion that governments should derive their power from the consent of the governed aligns with Enlightenment philosophers like John Locke, who argued that individuals have inherent rights that must be protected by their government.
• Analyze how the grievances listed in the Declaration against King George III contributed to a unified call for independence among the colonies.
  • The grievances listed in the Declaration against King George III served as a rallying point for colonists seeking independence. By enumerating specific injustices—such as taxation without representation and the dissolution of colonial legislatures—the Declaration galvanized support across diverse colonies. These shared grievances fostered a sense of unity among colonists who previously had varied interests, leading to a collective commitment to independence and resistance against British authority.
• Evaluate the long-term impacts of the American Declaration of Independence on global revolutionary movements and concepts of governance.
  • The American Declaration of Independence has had profound long-term impacts on global revolutionary movements and concepts of governance. Its articulation of natural rights and self-determination inspired numerous independence movements worldwide, notably during the French Revolution and in Latin America. The ideals set forth in the Declaration encouraged new political philosophies that emphasized democracy and individual rights, reshaping governance structures across various nations. This legacy continues to influence contemporary discussions about human rights and democratic governance globally.

Related terms

Thomas Jefferson:

The principal author of the Declaration of Independence, who was influenced by Enlightenment ideas about democracy and individual rights.

Natural Rights: Philosophical concept that individuals are inherently entitled to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, which is prominently featured in the Declaration.

Sons of Liberty: A group of American patriots that organized protests against British policies, playing a significant role in galvanizing support for independence.