Coastal vs open-sea sailing refers to the distinct navigational techniques and strategies used for traveling along coastlines compared to venturing into the open ocean. Coastal sailing involves navigating closer to land, using landmarks and shallower waters for guidance, while open-sea sailing requires advanced skills in celestial navigation and dealing with larger waves and weather conditions, as sailors are often far from shore. This distinction is crucial for understanding how Viking longships were utilized for different types of voyages during the Viking Age.
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