"Speak softly and carry a big stick" policy

Definition

The 'Speak softly and carry a big stick' policy is a diplomatic approach associated with President Theodore Roosevelt that emphasizes negotiation backed by the threat of military force. This strategy aimed to assert American influence internationally, particularly in Latin America and the Caribbean, while maintaining a peaceful demeanor in diplomatic discussions.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The phrase 'Speak softly and carry a big stick' was first used by Theodore Roosevelt in a speech in 1901, symbolizing his approach to foreign policy.
2. Roosevelt's approach sought to mediate conflicts while ensuring that the U.S. military was prepared to intervene if necessary, promoting American power abroad.
3. Under this policy, the U.S. intervened in several Latin American countries, including the Dominican Republic and Nicaragua, to stabilize governments perceived as unstable.
4. The completion of the Panama Canal was a significant achievement under this policy, as it facilitated trade and military movement, reinforcing U.S. dominance in the Western Hemisphere.
5. The policy contributed to a shift in U.S. foreign relations, moving from isolationism to a more active role in global affairs, especially in Latin America.

Review Questions

• How did Roosevelt's 'Speak softly and carry a big stick' policy reflect his overall approach to U.S. foreign relations during his presidency?
  • Roosevelt's policy demonstrated a balance between diplomacy and military readiness. He believed in negotiating peacefully but also recognized the importance of having military strength as a deterrent against threats. This approach allowed the U.S. to assert its influence without resorting immediately to warfare, exemplifying his belief in American exceptionalism and leadership on the global stage.
• Evaluate the impact of the 'Speak softly and carry a big stick' policy on U.S.-Latin American relations during the early 20th century.
  • The policy significantly shaped U.S.-Latin American relations by establishing a precedent for American intervention in the region. It led to increased U.S. involvement in Latin American affairs under the guise of maintaining order and stability, which often resulted in resentment among Latin American nations. This approach fostered a perception of American imperialism, which would influence regional dynamics for decades.
• Synthesize how Roosevelt's 'Speak softly and carry a big stick' policy transformed America's role on the world stage into the 20th century.
  • Roosevelt's policy marked a turning point for America, transitioning it from an isolationist stance to an assertive international player. By emphasizing military preparedness alongside diplomacy, he not only strengthened America's influence in the Western Hemisphere but also laid the groundwork for future interventions worldwide. This shift contributed to America's emerging status as a global power, which would be further solidified through events like World War I and beyond.

Related terms

Big Stick Diplomacy:

A foreign policy approach that relies on the use or threat of military force to achieve diplomatic goals, often associated with Roosevelt's presidency.

Roosevelt Corollary:

An extension of the Monroe Doctrine asserting that the United States had the right to intervene in Latin American nations to maintain stability and protect its interests.

Panama Canal: A significant engineering project completed under Roosevelt that connected the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, showcasing American engineering prowess and strategic interests in the region.