Second Wave of Feminism

Definition

The Second Wave of Feminism refers to a period of feminist activism that began in the early 1960s and continued into the 1980s, focusing on a wider range of issues beyond suffrage, including gender equality in the workplace, reproductive rights, and sexuality. This wave emerged in response to the limitations of the First Wave and was characterized by grassroots organizing, political activism, and a challenge to traditional gender roles, coinciding with other social movements such as civil rights and anti-war efforts.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Second Wave of Feminism saw significant legislative changes, including the passage of laws that addressed workplace discrimination and reproductive rights.
2. Key figures of this movement included Betty Friedan, whose book 'The Feminine Mystique' inspired many women to question their roles in society.
3. The movement expanded its focus to include issues such as domestic violence, sexual harassment, and the intersectionality of race and class.
4. The Second Wave laid the groundwork for future feminist movements by challenging traditional views on family, marriage, and women's roles in society.
5. Organizing efforts included protests, consciousness-raising groups, and the establishment of women's studies programs in universities.

Review Questions

• How did the Second Wave of Feminism differ from the First Wave in terms of goals and approaches?
  • The Second Wave of Feminism expanded its focus beyond the suffrage movement of the First Wave to address a broader range of issues affecting women's lives, such as workplace equality, reproductive rights, and sexual liberation. While the First Wave primarily sought legal rights like voting, the Second Wave emphasized social change through grassroots organizing, political activism, and a challenge to cultural norms surrounding gender roles. This shift marked a significant evolution in feminist thought and action.
• Discuss the impact of the Second Wave of Feminism on other social movements during its time.
  • The Second Wave of Feminism had a profound impact on other social movements, particularly the civil rights movement and anti-war efforts. Many feminists collaborated with civil rights activists to address issues of race and gender simultaneously, emphasizing the importance of intersectionality. The feminist perspective influenced how various groups advocated for justice, helping to broaden their goals to include gender equality alongside racial and economic justice.
• Evaluate the lasting effects of the Second Wave of Feminism on contemporary discussions about gender equality and women's rights.
  • The Second Wave of Feminism set the stage for ongoing discussions about gender equality that continue today. Its emphasis on issues like workplace discrimination and reproductive rights remains central to contemporary feminist discourse. The movement's recognition of intersectionality has influenced modern activism, encouraging a more inclusive approach that addresses how race, class, and sexual orientation intersect with gender. As a result, current debates around feminism are informed by the achievements and challenges identified during this pivotal period.

Related terms

Feminism:

A social and political movement aimed at achieving equality for women in all aspects of society.

Women's Liberation Movement:

A social movement that sought to free women from oppression and discrimination, advocating for women's rights across various spheres of life.

Title IX: A U.S. federal law passed in 1972 prohibiting discrimination based on sex in any educational program or activity receiving federal financial assistance.