Declared War

Definition

Declared War refers to a formal announcement by a government or ruling authority to engage in armed conflict against another entity. In the context of the Spanish-American War, this term signifies the transition from diplomatic tensions to military action, highlighting the role of public sentiment, imperial ambitions, and the quest for international prestige.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The U.S. declared war on Spain on April 25, 1898, following rising tensions related to Cuba's fight for independence.
2. The declaration was influenced by multiple factors, including humanitarian concerns over Spanish treatment of Cubans and economic interests in the region.
3. The sinking of the USS Maine in Havana Harbor was a pivotal event that galvanized public support for declaring war against Spain.
4. The war lasted only about four months, but it marked a significant shift in U.S. foreign policy towards imperialism and global involvement.
5. Following the declaration of war, the U.S. quickly achieved victories in both Cuba and the Philippines, showcasing its emerging military power.

Review Questions

• What were the main factors that led to the United States declaring war on Spain in 1898?
  • Several key factors contributed to the U.S. decision to declare war on Spain, including humanitarian concerns for Cubans suffering under Spanish rule and economic interests tied to Cuba's stability. Additionally, the sensationalist reporting by newspapers, known as yellow journalism, stirred public outrage following the explosion of the USS Maine. These elements combined created an environment ripe for war as citizens and politicians alike felt compelled to act against Spain.
• Analyze how yellow journalism influenced public opinion and ultimately led to the declaration of war against Spain.
  • Yellow journalism played a crucial role in shaping public opinion by sensationalizing events in Cuba and portraying Spain as a brutal oppressor. Newspapers exaggerated reports of atrocities committed by Spanish forces, which ignited strong emotions among Americans. This heightened public sentiment created pressure on political leaders to respond aggressively, culminating in the declaration of war. The media's influence illustrated how public perceptions can drive governmental decisions in matters of foreign policy.
• Evaluate the long-term implications of the U.S. declaring war on Spain for American foreign policy and its role in global affairs.
  • The declaration of war against Spain had significant long-term implications for American foreign policy and its emergence as a global power. It marked a shift from isolationism to active engagement in international conflicts and imperialism. The successful outcome of the war led to territorial acquisitions such as Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines, positioning the U.S. as a colonial power. This transformation initiated a new era of American interventionism and set the stage for future involvement in global conflicts throughout the 20th century.

Related terms

Treaty of Paris (1898):

The agreement that ended the Spanish-American War, where Spain ceded control of Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines to the United States.

Yellow Journalism:

Sensationalist newspaper reporting that exaggerated events and stirred public support for war against Spain.

Imperialism:

The policy of extending a country's power and influence through colonization or military force, which was a key motivator for the United States during the Spanish-American War.