This refers to the process by which European nations established settlements, claimed territory, and exploited resources in the Americas from late 15th century onwards.
Think of it like setting up a new branch of a company in a different city. The parent company (Europe) sends over employees (settlers) to establish and run this new branch (colony), with the goal of making profit for the parent company.
Settlement Colony: A type of colony where people from one country move into another country in order to settle there.
Plantation Colony: A type of colony where settlers cultivate crops on large estates using forced labor or slaves.
Indigenous Peoples: Native inhabitants who were already living in an area before it was colonized by outsiders.
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