American intention

Definition

American intention refers to the underlying motivations and objectives that drove the United States to engage in foreign policy actions, particularly during significant events like the Spanish-American War. These intentions were shaped by a mix of national interests, expansionist ideals, and cultural beliefs, leading to a desire to assert influence and promote democracy and capitalism in other nations. The conflict with Spain exemplified how these intentions manifested in military intervention and territorial acquisitions.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Spanish-American War in 1898 was driven by American interests in Cuban independence, fueled by humanitarian concerns over Spanish atrocities against Cubans.
2. Yellow journalism played a significant role in shaping public opinion and amplifying calls for intervention, reflecting the media's influence on American intentions.
3. The war resulted in the U.S. acquiring territories like Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines, showcasing a shift towards imperialism and global involvement.
4. American intentions during the war were influenced by a combination of economic interests, such as access to markets and resources in the Caribbean and Pacific regions.
5. The conflict marked a turning point in U.S. foreign policy, illustrating a willingness to use military force to achieve national goals and assert itself as a global power.

Review Questions

• How did American intentions regarding Cuba influence the decision to engage in the Spanish-American War?
  • American intentions regarding Cuba were rooted in humanitarian concerns over Spain's oppressive rule, as well as economic interests tied to Cuba's sugar industry. The desire to support Cuban independence resonated with many Americans, leading to widespread public support for intervention. As reports of Spanish atrocities circulated through the media, these intentions coalesced into a call for military action, ultimately resulting in the U.S. declaring war on Spain in 1898.
• Analyze how yellow journalism contributed to shaping American intentions during the lead-up to the Spanish-American War.
  • Yellow journalism played a crucial role in amplifying American intentions by sensationalizing events in Cuba and portraying Spain as a brutal oppressor. Newspapers exaggerated stories of Spanish atrocities, stirring public emotions and outrage. This media campaign created an environment where intervention was not only justified but demanded by the American public, thereby pushing government officials toward military action against Spain.
• Evaluate the long-term implications of American intentions during the Spanish-American War on U.S. foreign policy and international relations.
  • The Spanish-American War had significant long-term implications for U.S. foreign policy, marking the beginning of America's transformation into an imperial power. By acquiring territories such as Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines, the U.S. established itself as a key player on the global stage. This shift reflected a broader intent to promote democracy and capitalism abroad while also engaging in military interventions whenever deemed necessary. The war set a precedent for future American involvement in international conflicts and shaped attitudes toward U.S. expansionism throughout the 20th century.

Related terms

Manifest Destiny:

The 19th-century doctrine that it was the divine right and destiny of the United States to expand its territory across North America.

Imperialism:

A policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force, which was a key aspect of American foreign policy during this period.

Cuban Independence: The struggle of Cuba for independence from Spanish rule, which became a central focus of American intentions and intervention during the Spanish-American War.