Rapid Rearmament

Definition

Rapid Rearmament refers to the swift and extensive military buildup that occurred in various nations, particularly in Germany during the lead-up to World War II. This rearmament was driven by the desire of countries to strengthen their military capabilities and assert their power, especially in the context of unresolved grievances from World War I and the rise of aggressive totalitarian regimes.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Germany's rearmament began in earnest after Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933, openly defying the restrictions set by the Treaty of Versailles.
2. The rearmament included not only the expansion of the army but also advancements in air force capabilities, exemplified by the establishment of the Luftwaffe.
3. The rapid military buildup contributed to tensions in Europe as other nations perceived Germany's actions as a direct threat to peace and stability.
4. The policy of appeasement by Western powers, such as Britain and France, allowed Germany to rearm without facing immediate consequences until it was too late.
5. Rapid Rearmament played a crucial role in enabling Germany to execute its aggressive foreign policy, ultimately leading to the outbreak of World War II.

Review Questions

• How did Rapid Rearmament influence Germany's foreign policy in the years leading up to World War II?
  • Rapid Rearmament significantly bolstered Germany's military capabilities, allowing Adolf Hitler to pursue an aggressive foreign policy without fear of immediate reprisal. The expansion of the German army and air force gave Hitler confidence to annex territories and challenge neighboring countries, such as Austria and Czechoslovakia. This military buildup created an environment of tension and fear among European powers, which ultimately contributed to the onset of World War II.
• Discuss the impact of the Treaty of Versailles on Germany's decision to engage in Rapid Rearmament.
  • The Treaty of Versailles imposed severe limitations on Germany’s military capacity after World War I, which left a deep sense of humiliation among Germans. This discontent fueled nationalist sentiments and led to calls for rearmament as a means to restore national pride and power. As Hitler rose to power, he capitalized on this sentiment by openly defying the treaty’s restrictions, which was pivotal in his strategy to rebuild Germany's military strength and assert its position in Europe.
• Evaluate how Rapid Rearmament affected international relations in Europe during the 1930s.
  • Rapid Rearmament drastically shifted international relations in Europe during the 1930s by escalating tensions between Germany and other nations. As Germany rebuilt its military, countries like Britain and France struggled with their responses, often resorting to appeasement policies that failed to contain German aggression. This deterioration of diplomatic relations made it increasingly difficult to maintain peace, contributing directly to the outbreak of World War II as nations prepared for conflict rather than seeking compromise.

Related terms

Treaty of Versailles:

The peace treaty that ended World War I, which imposed heavy reparations and military restrictions on Germany.

Axis Powers:

The coalition of nations led by Germany, Italy, and Japan that fought against the Allies during World War II.

Militarism:

The belief in building up strong armed forces to prepare for war and the influence of military values on society and government.