Independence from British rule

Definition

Independence from British rule refers to the process by which colonies and territories under British control sought and achieved self-governance, particularly during the late 18th and 19th centuries. This movement was driven by a desire for political autonomy, economic freedom, and social equality, influencing migration patterns as people moved to new regions seeking opportunities and escape from colonial oppression.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Declaration of Independence in 1776 marked a crucial step in the American colonies' fight against British rule, asserting their right to self-governance.
2. The struggle for independence often led to increased migration as individuals sought refuge or better opportunities outside their colonized lands.
3. Independence movements inspired other regions around the world, leading to similar struggles against colonial powers throughout the 19th and 20th centuries.
4. Economic factors played a significant role in pushing colonies toward independence, as they sought control over trade and resources previously dominated by British interests.
5. The emergence of nationalist movements was closely tied to the desire for independence, as people rallied around shared cultural and historical identities to seek political change.

Review Questions

• How did the American Revolution influence other independence movements across the globe?
  • The American Revolution served as a powerful example for other territories seeking independence from colonial powers. Its success demonstrated that it was possible to overthrow an established government and establish a new nation based on democratic ideals. This inspired various independence movements worldwide, encouraging them to challenge British and other colonial authorities while promoting concepts like self-determination and liberty.
• Discuss the economic motivations behind the drive for independence from British rule in various colonies during this period.
  • Economic motivations were central to many independence movements against British rule. Colonies often resented restrictive trade policies that favored British merchants, limiting their own economic growth. The desire for control over local resources and trade routes spurred these colonies to seek independence, believing that self-governance would lead to more favorable economic conditions. Such sentiments were particularly strong in regions rich in natural resources that had been exploited for British profit.
• Evaluate the long-term effects of gaining independence from British rule on former colonies' political, social, and economic structures.
  • Gaining independence from British rule had profound long-term effects on former colonies. Politically, many new nations struggled with establishing stable governance systems, often oscillating between democracy and autocracy. Socially, independence ignited national identities but also sometimes led to conflicts among different ethnic groups vying for power. Economically, while some countries thrived with newfound autonomy over their resources, others faced significant challenges due to a lack of infrastructure or capital, illustrating a complex legacy that shaped their trajectories well into the 20th century.

Related terms

American Revolution:

A conflict between the Thirteen American Colonies and Great Britain from 1775 to 1783, resulting in the formation of the United States and its independence from British rule.

Decolonization:

The process by which colonies gained independence from colonial powers, particularly after World War II, leading to the establishment of new nations.

Nationalism:

A political ideology that emphasizes the interests of a particular nation or group of people, often leading to movements for independence or self-determination.