Dramatic irony occurs when the audience or reader knows something that the characters in a story do not. It creates tension and suspense as the audience waits for the characters to discover the truth.
Imagine watching a horror movie where you see the killer hiding behind a door, but the main character has no idea. You're on edge, waiting for them to open that door and realize what's lurking behind it.
Situational Irony: Situational irony is when there is a contrast between what is expected to happen and what actually happens in a situation.
Verbal Irony: Verbal irony is when someone says something but means the opposite, often used for sarcasm or humor.
Foreshadowing: Foreshadowing is when an author hints at future events in a story, creating anticipation and preparing readers for what's to come.
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