U.S. purchase of Alaska

Definition

The U.S. purchase of Alaska was the acquisition of the territory from Russia in 1867 for $7.2 million, significantly expanding the geographical boundaries of the United States. This event is essential for understanding how territorial expansion plays a critical role in shaping political power and influence in a nation, reflecting the ideas of Manifest Destiny and the strategic interests of the U.S. government.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The purchase of Alaska was negotiated by Secretary of State William H. Seward, who saw it as a way to enhance U.S. security and economic interests.
2. At the time of the purchase, many Americans viewed Alaska as a barren wasteland, leading to skepticism about its value, which is why it was dubbed 'Seward's Folly'.
3. Alaska became a U.S. territory in 1912 and eventually achieved statehood in 1959, marking it as the 49th state in the Union.
4. The discovery of gold and other natural resources in Alaska during the late 19th century ultimately changed perceptions about the territory's value and potential.
5. Strategically located near Russia and Canada, Alaska played an important role during the Cold War as a military base for monitoring Soviet activities.

Review Questions

• How did the U.S. purchase of Alaska reflect the ideas of Manifest Destiny?
  • The U.S. purchase of Alaska reflected the ideas of Manifest Destiny by embodying the belief that American expansion was both justified and necessary for national growth. Acquiring Alaska allowed the United States to extend its territory further westward and consolidate its presence across North America. This acquisition not only provided strategic advantages but also resonated with the cultural mindset that America had a divine right to expand its borders.
• In what ways did public perception change regarding Alaska after its purchase, especially following discoveries made in the late 19th century?
  • Initially, many Americans viewed Alaska as a barren and worthless land, which led to derisive names like 'Seward's Folly.' However, after significant discoveries of gold and other valuable resources, public perception shifted dramatically. The wealth generated from these resources highlighted Alaska's potential and value to the nation, transforming it into an important asset rather than a liability in terms of territorial expansion.
• Evaluate how the U.S. purchase of Alaska contributed to America's geopolitical strategy in relation to its neighboring countries during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
  • The U.S. purchase of Alaska significantly enhanced America's geopolitical strategy by positioning it favorably in relation to neighboring countries like Russia and Canada. This acquisition not only provided a buffer zone against potential threats from Russia but also allowed for increased military presence in a strategically vital area during events such as World War II and the Cold War. Furthermore, owning Alaska facilitated access to valuable resources and trade routes in the Arctic region, reinforcing America's growing influence on global affairs.

Related terms

Manifest Destiny: The 19th-century doctrine that the expansion of the U.S. throughout the American continents was both justified and inevitable.

Seward's Folly: A term used by critics to describe the purchase of Alaska, named after Secretary of State William H. Seward, who advocated for the acquisition.

Territorial Expansion:

The process of acquiring new territories by a state, often through purchase, war, or colonization, to enhance political power and resources.