Heat Island Effect: The heat island effect describes the phenomenon where cities tend to be warmer than their surrounding rural areas due to human activities altering local climate conditions.
Albedo: Albedo refers to the percentage of solar radiation reflected back from a surface. Urban areas with low albedo, such as dark pavements and roofs, contribute to the formation of urban heat islands.
Green Infrastructure: Green infrastructure refers to incorporating natural elements like trees, parks, and green roofs into urban areas to mitigate the impacts of urban heat islands. It helps cool cities by providing shade and evaporative cooling.