The Net Immigration Rate (NIR) is the difference between the number of immigrants (people coming into an area) and the number of emigrants (people leaving an area) in a given year, per 1,000 people. In the context of the United States, it refers to how many more or fewer people immigrate to the U.S. than emigrate from it each year.
Think of NIR like a school dance party. If more students enter the party than leave it, then we have a positive net rate - our party is growing! But if more students are leaving than entering, we have a negative net rate - our party is shrinking!
Immigration: This refers to moving into a region or country with intentions to reside there permanently.
Emigration: This refers to leaving one's home country or region to live somewhere else.
Demography: This is the statistical study of populations, especially human beings. It encompasses studying changes over time in population size and composition.
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