Progressivism

Definition

Progressivism is a political and social movement that emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, advocating for reforms to address the issues caused by industrialization, urbanization, and political corruption. It emphasizes the role of government in promoting social justice, economic equality, and political accountability, leading to significant changes in ideology regarding economic policy and the responsibilities of the state.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Progressivism sought to eliminate corruption in government through measures like direct primaries, initiative, referendum, and recall elections.
2. The movement led to significant reforms in labor laws, including child labor restrictions and improved working conditions.
3. Women’s suffrage was a key issue for progressives, culminating in the passage of the 19th Amendment in 1920 granting women the right to vote.
4. Environmental reforms were also part of Progressivism, with advocates pushing for conservation efforts and regulations on natural resources.
5. Key figures associated with Progressivism include Theodore Roosevelt, Woodrow Wilson, and Jane Addams, each contributing to different aspects of the movement.

Review Questions

• How did Progressivism address the issues of corruption and inefficiency in government during its rise?
  • Progressivism tackled corruption by advocating for reforms that increased transparency and accountability in government. This included introducing direct primaries to allow voters to select candidates directly rather than through party machines, as well as implementing initiatives and referendums that empowered citizens to propose and vote on legislation. The push for recall elections also gave voters a mechanism to remove elected officials from office who were not fulfilling their duties effectively.
• Analyze how Progressivism influenced economic policy changes in the United States.
  • Progressivism significantly reshaped economic policy by introducing regulations aimed at curbing corporate power and protecting workers' rights. The movement led to antitrust laws designed to break up monopolies and promote competition, as well as labor reforms that established safer working conditions and fair wages. Additionally, Progressives advocated for social welfare policies that sought to reduce economic inequality, reflecting a shift in ideology regarding the government's role in managing the economy.
• Evaluate the lasting impact of Progressivism on American political ideologies and policies into the modern era.
  • The legacy of Progressivism is evident in contemporary American politics through ongoing debates about government intervention in the economy, social justice initiatives, and regulatory frameworks. Many progressive ideas, such as environmental protection and consumer rights, have become fundamental aspects of modern governance. Moreover, the movement's emphasis on grassroots activism continues to inspire social movements today, highlighting how Progressivism shaped not only immediate reforms but also established a framework for future advocacy within American society.

Related terms

Social Gospel: A religious movement that arose in the late 19th century, emphasizing social justice and the application of Christian ethics to address social issues.

New Deal:

A series of programs and reforms introduced by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the 1930s aimed at combating the Great Depression and promoting economic recovery.

Muckrakers:

Investigative journalists during the Progressive Era who exposed corruption, social injustices, and abuses in politics and business.