These are measures taken by governments during times of war or conflict aimed at protecting citizens' civil liberties - basic rights and freedoms guaranteed by law.
Imagine your school is having a big football game against its rival. The administration increases security measures for safety but still ensures students can cheer freely for their team. Similarly, during war times, governments increase security but must also protect citizens' freedom of speech, assembly etc., under law.
Habeas Corpus Suspension Act: A law passed during Civil War allowing government detention without trial under certain circumstances.
Patriot Act: A post-9/11 legislation expanding government surveillance capabilities while aiming at protecting civil liberties.
Espionage Act: A World War I-era law criminalizing interference with military operations or support to U.S. enemies, but criticized for infringing on free speech.
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